About YTCO
Facility & Equipment
Quality & EnvironmentFundamental Performance Criteria of Connectors
The essential performance characteristics of connectors can be classified into three primary categories: mechanical, electrical, and environmental properties.
For connectivity functionality, mating force represents a critical mechanical parameter, comprising:
Insertion force: Subject to maximum thresholds per industry standards (e.g., IEC 60512)
Extraction force (separation force): Subject to minimum requirements to ensure contact reliability
Industry trends favor Low Insertion Force (LIF) and Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) designs to reduce user effort while maintaining secure mating.
Mechanical endurance (per GB5095 "Mechanical Operation") defines durability through:
Test method: One insertion + one extraction = 1 cycle
Pass/fail criteria: Maintained electrical performance (e.g., contact resistance) after specified cycles
Key influencing factors:
Contact element design (normal force magnitude)
Plating quality (coefficient of friction)
Terminal alignment precision
Core electrical parameters include:
High-quality connectors exhibit low and stable contact resistance, typically ranging from milliohms to tens of milliohms.
Measures dielectric performance between contacts/housing, with standards requiring hundreds to thousands of megohms.
Evaluates breakdown resistance at specified test voltages between conductive elements.
Quantified via insertion loss (100MHz–10GHz), critical for RF applications.
Coaxial connectors: Characteristic impedance, VSWR, return loss
High-speed digital connectors: Crosstalk (<-30dB typical), propagation delay (±5% tolerance), skew (<50ps)
Operating range: -65°C to +200°C (standard); up to +300°C for specialty designs
Derating requirement: Max allowable temperature rise (e.g., +30°C at rated current)
Damp heat testing:
Steady-state: 40±2°C/90–98% RH, ≥96hrs
Cyclic: More severe condensation/evaporation profiles
Test protocol (per IEC 60068-2-52):
5% NaCl solution at 35°C
Minimum 48hrs exposure
Transportation applications:
Sinusoidal vibration: 10–2000Hz, 15g peak
Mechanical shock: 100g, 6ms half-sine pulse
Aerospace requirements:
MIL-STD-1344 random vibration profiles
IP67/IP68 sealing: Air leakage <1×10⁻³ mbar·L/s
Fluid immersion: Hydrocarbon/fuel resistance
Altitude simulation: 10kPa (equivalent to 15,000m)
